The growth of renewable energy is causing instability in power grids, including falling system inertia, tighter voltage-control margins, and resonance issues. To navigate these challenges and build a next-generation grid, it is vital to review how inverter technology has developed and evaluate its impact on system stability.

This report highlights two main approaches to securing future grid stability and explores the transition into ‘software-defined grids,’ where software intelligence underpins system stability and control.